Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Example

Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Aim: In this investigation we will observe and analyse the rate of fall of cup cakes when the mass is altered.In my preliminary work we conducted experiments where we dropped a large surface area parachute and small surface area parachute from the same height of 1 metre and 1.5 metres. The purpose of this preliminary experiment is to familiarise and understand the principles involved in the experiment.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (1):Parachute dropped at 1 metre -Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.161.221.25Large surface area parachute2.002.031.84Average:Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.21Large surface area parachute1.96From these results we can see that, the larger the surface of the parachute will fall at a slower speed compared to a smaller parachute with a smaller surface area, which will fall at a faster speed. A larger surface area increases the air resistance, and slows the fall.Another experiment that was cond ucted is where cup cakes are dropped at the same level, the variable being the weight of the paper cup. The weight was increased but adding paperclips to the paper cup.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (2):1.151.071.141.281.121.121.211.181.161.23Average time taken to fall in seconds5.165.91From these particular results we can tell that the more paper clips added the heavier the falling object is and the faster it will reach the ground.Because the weight and gravity are not balanced then paper cup accelerated in that direction. The rate of fall increased as the weight increased.Experiment: Investigation into how mass affects the rate of falling cup cakesAPPARATUS* Paper cups * 2. Metre sticks * Clamp * StopwatchDiagram of materials in useMETHODOnce the apparatus is set up correctly, at the height of 2 metres from the floor we will drop the paper cup and record the time it takes to finish the 2 metre drop.2 metres is chosen as the height as it allows time to release the paper cup and start and stop the clock sufficiently. As opposed to a shorter distance e.g. 1 metre where it allows errors to be made since it reaches the ground so fast, the person timing, their reflexes may not be fast enough to react accurately. 2 metres is also a practical height as it can be reached if we use a chair to aid us. If we increased the height to 3 metres the paper cup is more likely to be affected by disturbances towards the experiment e.g. Drafts.The paper cup will be dropped 3 times at each selected mass to insure accurate results and hopefully rule out any erroneous results.Ive chosen to drop the paper cup in an upright position (__/) because it is more streamline and so the particles in the air can travel at an equal velocity and low frictional drag.If the paper cup is dropped upside down (/ ) there will be an increased turbulent force as the streamline are more irregular and high frictional drag, these factors are more likely to affect the results.Table of selected Ra nge:RANGE1 cup2 cups3 cups4 cups5 cupsI believe this is a good range as the mass is steadily increased. Also the differences between each cup, in ascending order are equal.To ensure that it will be a fair test there will only be one variable which is the mass of the paper cups, everything else will be kept the same.2 metres is chosen as it is an adequate time to release the cup as well as record the time sufficiently. At a shorter distance our reflexes may not be quick enough to react to the touchdown of the paper cup and an increased distance will allow more outside factors to affect the drop of the paper cup e.g. drafts. Ive came to the decision through the preliminary experiments where at dropping the parachutes from 1 metre we found it difficult to record an accurate time. The height of 2 metres will be kept through out the whole experiment.The paper cups itself will be of the same type and brand new so this minimizes and disturbments to the shape or creases of the cup, this wil l help maintain a streamline shape.So that the time can be recorded as accurately as possible, one specific person will be stopping the clock only, so all distractions are minimal, they will not have to concentrate on any other task e.g. dropping the cup. So hopefully the recorded times will be accurate. If we had to combine the jobs of dropping the paper cup as well as stopping the clock this could delay the reflexes and result in an inaccurate time being recorded.Each experiment will be repeated three times on each mass to rule out any errors.From my preliminary work, I can use Newtons Second Law to aid my prediction of the experiment;If there is an UNBALANCED FORCE, then the object will accelerate in that direction. The size of the acceleration is decided by the formula F = ma A= F/MAlso, acceleration is proportional to force. The acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass -As the paper cups will have different masses this will affect the terminal velocityV = Initial velo city + (Acceleration à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Time)So from this formula I know that an increased mass will increase the fall of the paper cup.1) Initially the forces will be unbalanced so the paper cup will accelerate2) But then the two forces will balance out and move at a steady speed, this is because it has reached terminal velocity.- Due to a greater mass there will be a greater terminal velocity.The earths gravitational pull on the paper cup is proportional to its mass. The strength of the earths gravitational field is 10N/kg. The weight of an object is the force that gravity exerts on it, and is equal to the objects mass à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ the pull of gravity on each kg.Weight = mgAnd the size of g can show the gravitational acceleration g = w/m.So, the paper cup which has the biggest, as will accelerate faster.Both balls have a spread of 40 m/s. At this speed the weight of the red ball is balanced be air resistance but the heavier green ball is still accelerating.Surface area also affects the speed of fall; an object with a large surface area will be slowed down and shown in preliminary experiment with the parachutes.However in this particular experiment the surface are will stay the same, perhaps a minute increase of surface area where the added paper cups are places around the rim, but this would only make a minor difference.So, from these formulas I predict that as the mass increases, the time taken to fall a 2 metre distance will be less compared to the smaller mass paper cups. There will be a higher terminal velocity reached by the larger mass paper cups which will result in a quicker fallIve illustrated my results in a graph; I predict the graph to be inversely proportional. Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Example Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Aim: In this investigation we will observe and analyse the rate of fall of cup cakes when the mass is altered.In my preliminary work we conducted experiments where we dropped a large surface area parachute and small surface area parachute from the same height of 1 metre and 1.5 metres. The purpose of this preliminary experiment is to familiarise and understand the principles involved in the experiment.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (1):Parachute dropped at 1 metre -Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.161.221.25Large surface area parachute2.002.031.84Average:Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.21Large surface area parachute1.96From these results we can see that, the larger the surface of the parachute will fall at a slower speed compared to a smaller parachute with a smaller surface area, which will fall at a faster speed. A larger surface area increases the air resistance, and slows the fall.Another experiment that was cond ucted is where cup cakes are dropped at the same level, the variable being the weight of the paper cup. The weight was increased but adding paperclips to the paper cup.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (2):1.151.071.141.281.121.121.211.181.161.23Average time taken to fall in seconds5.165.91From these particular results we can tell that the more paper clips added the heavier the falling object is and the faster it will reach the ground.Because the weight and gravity are not balanced then paper cup accelerated in that direction. The rate of fall increased as the weight increased.Experiment: Investigation into how mass affects the rate of falling cup cakesAPPARATUS* Paper cups * 2. Metre sticks * Clamp * StopwatchDiagram of materials in useMETHODOnce the apparatus is set up correctly, at the height of 2 metres from the floor we will drop the paper cup and record the time it takes to finish the 2 metre drop.2 metres is chosen as the height as it allows time to release the paper cup and start and stop the clock sufficiently. As opposed to a shorter distance e.g. 1 metre where it allows errors to be made since it reaches the ground so fast, the person timing, their reflexes may not be fast enough to react accurately. 2 metres is also a practical height as it can be reached if we use a chair to aid us. If we increased the height to 3 metres the paper cup is more likely to be affected by disturbances towards the experiment e.g. Drafts.The paper cup will be dropped 3 times at each selected mass to insure accurate results and hopefully rule out any erroneous results.Ive chosen to drop the paper cup in an upright position (__/) because it is more streamline and so the particles in the air can travel at an equal velocity and low frictional drag.If the paper cup is dropped upside down (/ ) there will be an increased turbulent force as the streamline are more irregular and high frictional drag, these factors are more likely to affect the results.Table of selected Ra nge:RANGE1 cup2 cups3 cups4 cups5 cupsI believe this is a good range as the mass is steadily increased. Also the differences between each cup, in ascending order are equal.To ensure that it will be a fair test there will only be one variable which is the mass of the paper cups, everything else will be kept the same.2 metres is chosen as it is an adequate time to release the cup as well as record the time sufficiently. At a shorter distance our reflexes may not be quick enough to react to the touchdown of the paper cup and an increased distance will allow more outside factors to affect the drop of the paper cup e.g. drafts. Ive came to the decision through the preliminary experiments where at dropping the parachutes from 1 metre we found it difficult to record an accurate time. The height of 2 metres will be kept through out the whole experiment.The paper cups itself will be of the same type and brand new so this minimizes and disturbments to the shape or creases of the cup, this wil l help maintain a streamline shape.So that the time can be recorded as accurately as possible, one specific person will be stopping the clock only, so all distractions are minimal, they will not have to concentrate on any other task e.g. dropping the cup. So hopefully the recorded times will be accurate. If we had to combine the jobs of dropping the paper cup as well as stopping the clock this could delay the reflexes and result in an inaccurate time being recorded.Each experiment will be repeated three times on each mass to rule out any errors.From my preliminary work, I can use Newtons Second Law to aid my prediction of the experiment;If there is an UNBALANCED FORCE, then the object will accelerate in that direction. The size of the acceleration is decided by the formula F = ma A= F/MAlso, acceleration is proportional to force. The acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass -As the paper cups will have different masses this will affect the terminal velocityV = Initial velo city + (Acceleration à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Time)So from this formula I know that an increased mass will increase the fall of the paper cup.1) Initially the forces will be unbalanced so the paper cup will accelerate2) But then the two forces will balance out and move at a steady speed, this is because it has reached terminal velocity.- Due to a greater mass there will be a greater terminal velocity.The earths gravitational pull on the paper cup is proportional to its mass. The strength of the earths gravitational field is 10N/kg. The weight of an object is the force that gravity exerts on it, and is equal to the objects mass à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ the pull of gravity on each kg.Weight = mgAnd the size of g can show the gravitational acceleration g = w/m.So, the paper cup which has the biggest, as will accelerate faster.Both balls have a spread of 40 m/s. At this speed the weight of the red ball is balanced be air resistance but the heavier green ball is still accelerating.Surface area also affects the speed of fall; an object with a large surface area will be slowed down and shown in preliminary experiment with the parachutes.However in this particular experiment the surface are will stay the same, perhaps a minute increase of surface area where the added paper cups are places around the rim, but this would only make a minor difference.So, from these formulas I predict that as the mass increases, the time taken to fall a 2 metre distance will be less compared to the smaller mass paper cups. There will be a higher terminal velocity reached by the larger mass paper cups which will result in a quicker fallIve illustrated my results in a graph; I predict the graph to be inversely proportional.

Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Example

Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Aim: In this investigation we will observe and analyse the rate of fall of cup cakes when the mass is altered.In my preliminary work we conducted experiments where we dropped a large surface area parachute and small surface area parachute from the same height of 1 metre and 1.5 metres. The purpose of this preliminary experiment is to familiarise and understand the principles involved in the experiment.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (1):Parachute dropped at 1 metre -Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.161.221.25Large surface area parachute2.002.031.84Average:Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.21Large surface area parachute1.96From these results we can see that, the larger the surface of the parachute will fall at a slower speed compared to a smaller parachute with a smaller surface area, which will fall at a faster speed. A larger surface area increases the air resistance, and slows the fall.Another experiment that was cond ucted is where cup cakes are dropped at the same level, the variable being the weight of the paper cup. The weight was increased but adding paperclips to the paper cup.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (2):1.151.071.141.281.121.121.211.181.161.23Average time taken to fall in seconds5.165.91From these particular results we can tell that the more paper clips added the heavier the falling object is and the faster it will reach the ground.Because the weight and gravity are not balanced then paper cup accelerated in that direction. The rate of fall increased as the weight increased.Experiment: Investigation into how mass affects the rate of falling cup cakesAPPARATUS* Paper cups * 2. Metre sticks * Clamp * StopwatchDiagram of materials in useMETHODOnce the apparatus is set up correctly, at the height of 2 metres from the floor we will drop the paper cup and record the time it takes to finish the 2 metre drop.2 metres is chosen as the height as it allows time to release the paper cup and start and stop the clock sufficiently. As opposed to a shorter distance e.g. 1 metre where it allows errors to be made since it reaches the ground so fast, the person timing, their reflexes may not be fast enough to react accurately. 2 metres is also a practical height as it can be reached if we use a chair to aid us. If we increased the height to 3 metres the paper cup is more likely to be affected by disturbances towards the experiment e.g. Drafts.The paper cup will be dropped 3 times at each selected mass to insure accurate results and hopefully rule out any erroneous results.Ive chosen to drop the paper cup in an upright position (__/) because it is more streamline and so the particles in the air can travel at an equal velocity and low frictional drag.If the paper cup is dropped upside down (/ ) there will be an increased turbulent force as the streamline are more irregular and high frictional drag, these factors are more likely to affect the results.Table of selected Ra nge:RANGE1 cup2 cups3 cups4 cups5 cupsI believe this is a good range as the mass is steadily increased. Also the differences between each cup, in ascending order are equal.To ensure that it will be a fair test there will only be one variable which is the mass of the paper cups, everything else will be kept the same.2 metres is chosen as it is an adequate time to release the cup as well as record the time sufficiently. At a shorter distance our reflexes may not be quick enough to react to the touchdown of the paper cup and an increased distance will allow more outside factors to affect the drop of the paper cup e.g. drafts. Ive came to the decision through the preliminary experiments where at dropping the parachutes from 1 metre we found it difficult to record an accurate time. The height of 2 metres will be kept through out the whole experiment.The paper cups itself will be of the same type and brand new so this minimizes and disturbments to the shape or creases of the cup, this wil l help maintain a streamline shape.So that the time can be recorded as accurately as possible, one specific person will be stopping the clock only, so all distractions are minimal, they will not have to concentrate on any other task e.g. dropping the cup. So hopefully the recorded times will be accurate. If we had to combine the jobs of dropping the paper cup as well as stopping the clock this could delay the reflexes and result in an inaccurate time being recorded.Each experiment will be repeated three times on each mass to rule out any errors.From my preliminary work, I can use Newtons Second Law to aid my prediction of the experiment;If there is an UNBALANCED FORCE, then the object will accelerate in that direction. The size of the acceleration is decided by the formula F = ma A= F/MAlso, acceleration is proportional to force. The acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass -As the paper cups will have different masses this will affect the terminal velocityV = Initial velo city + (Acceleration à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Time)So from this formula I know that an increased mass will increase the fall of the paper cup.1) Initially the forces will be unbalanced so the paper cup will accelerate2) But then the two forces will balance out and move at a steady speed, this is because it has reached terminal velocity.- Due to a greater mass there will be a greater terminal velocity.The earths gravitational pull on the paper cup is proportional to its mass. The strength of the earths gravitational field is 10N/kg. The weight of an object is the force that gravity exerts on it, and is equal to the objects mass à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ the pull of gravity on each kg.Weight = mgAnd the size of g can show the gravitational acceleration g = w/m.So, the paper cup which has the biggest, as will accelerate faster.Both balls have a spread of 40 m/s. At this speed the weight of the red ball is balanced be air resistance but the heavier green ball is still accelerating.Surface area also affects the speed of fall; an object with a large surface area will be slowed down and shown in preliminary experiment with the parachutes.However in this particular experiment the surface are will stay the same, perhaps a minute increase of surface area where the added paper cups are places around the rim, but this would only make a minor difference.So, from these formulas I predict that as the mass increases, the time taken to fall a 2 metre distance will be less compared to the smaller mass paper cups. There will be a higher terminal velocity reached by the larger mass paper cups which will result in a quicker fallIve illustrated my results in a graph; I predict the graph to be inversely proportional. Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Example Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Aim: In this investigation we will observe and analyse the rate of fall of cup cakes when the mass is altered.In my preliminary work we conducted experiments where we dropped a large surface area parachute and small surface area parachute from the same height of 1 metre and 1.5 metres. The purpose of this preliminary experiment is to familiarise and understand the principles involved in the experiment.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (1):Parachute dropped at 1 metre -Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.161.221.25Large surface area parachute2.002.031.84Average:Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.21Large surface area parachute1.96From these results we can see that, the larger the surface of the parachute will fall at a slower speed compared to a smaller parachute with a smaller surface area, which will fall at a faster speed. A larger surface area increases the air resistance, and slows the fall.Another experiment that was cond ucted is where cup cakes are dropped at the same level, the variable being the weight of the paper cup. The weight was increased but adding paperclips to the paper cup.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (2):1.151.071.141.281.121.121.211.181.161.23Average time taken to fall in seconds5.165.91From these particular results we can tell that the more paper clips added the heavier the falling object is and the faster it will reach the ground.Because the weight and gravity are not balanced then paper cup accelerated in that direction. The rate of fall increased as the weight increased.Experiment: Investigation into how mass affects the rate of falling cup cakesAPPARATUS* Paper cups * 2. Metre sticks * Clamp * StopwatchDiagram of materials in useMETHODOnce the apparatus is set up correctly, at the height of 2 metres from the floor we will drop the paper cup and record the time it takes to finish the 2 metre drop.2 metres is chosen as the height as it allows time to release the paper cup and start and stop the clock sufficiently. As opposed to a shorter distance e.g. 1 metre where it allows errors to be made since it reaches the ground so fast, the person timing, their reflexes may not be fast enough to react accurately. 2 metres is also a practical height as it can be reached if we use a chair to aid us. If we increased the height to 3 metres the paper cup is more likely to be affected by disturbances towards the experiment e.g. Drafts.The paper cup will be dropped 3 times at each selected mass to insure accurate results and hopefully rule out any erroneous results.Ive chosen to drop the paper cup in an upright position (__/) because it is more streamline and so the particles in the air can travel at an equal velocity and low frictional drag.If the paper cup is dropped upside down (/ ) there will be an increased turbulent force as the streamline are more irregular and high frictional drag, these factors are more likely to affect the results.Table of selected Ra nge:RANGE1 cup2 cups3 cups4 cups5 cupsI believe this is a good range as the mass is steadily increased. Also the differences between each cup, in ascending order are equal.To ensure that it will be a fair test there will only be one variable which is the mass of the paper cups, everything else will be kept the same.2 metres is chosen as it is an adequate time to release the cup as well as record the time sufficiently. At a shorter distance our reflexes may not be quick enough to react to the touchdown of the paper cup and an increased distance will allow more outside factors to affect the drop of the paper cup e.g. drafts. Ive came to the decision through the preliminary experiments where at dropping the parachutes from 1 metre we found it difficult to record an accurate time. The height of 2 metres will be kept through out the whole experiment.The paper cups itself will be of the same type and brand new so this minimizes and disturbments to the shape or creases of the cup, this wil l help maintain a streamline shape.So that the time can be recorded as accurately as possible, one specific person will be stopping the clock only, so all distractions are minimal, they will not have to concentrate on any other task e.g. dropping the cup. So hopefully the recorded times will be accurate. If we had to combine the jobs of dropping the paper cup as well as stopping the clock this could delay the reflexes and result in an inaccurate time being recorded.Each experiment will be repeated three times on each mass to rule out any errors.From my preliminary work, I can use Newtons Second Law to aid my prediction of the experiment;If there is an UNBALANCED FORCE, then the object will accelerate in that direction. The size of the acceleration is decided by the formula F = ma A= F/MAlso, acceleration is proportional to force. The acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass -As the paper cups will have different masses this will affect the terminal velocityV = Initial velo city + (Acceleration à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Time)So from this formula I know that an increased mass will increase the fall of the paper cup.1) Initially the forces will be unbalanced so the paper cup will accelerate2) But then the two forces will balance out and move at a steady speed, this is because it has reached terminal velocity.- Due to a greater mass there will be a greater terminal velocity.The earths gravitational pull on the paper cup is proportional to its mass. The strength of the earths gravitational field is 10N/kg. The weight of an object is the force that gravity exerts on it, and is equal to the objects mass à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ the pull of gravity on each kg.Weight = mgAnd the size of g can show the gravitational acceleration g = w/m.So, the paper cup which has the biggest, as will accelerate faster.Both balls have a spread of 40 m/s. At this speed the weight of the red ball is balanced be air resistance but the heavier green ball is still accelerating.Surface area also affects the speed of fall; an object with a large surface area will be slowed down and shown in preliminary experiment with the parachutes.However in this particular experiment the surface are will stay the same, perhaps a minute increase of surface area where the added paper cups are places around the rim, but this would only make a minor difference.So, from these formulas I predict that as the mass increases, the time taken to fall a 2 metre distance will be less compared to the smaller mass paper cups. There will be a higher terminal velocity reached by the larger mass paper cups which will result in a quicker fallIve illustrated my results in a graph; I predict the graph to be inversely proportional.

Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Example

Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Aim: In this investigation we will observe and analyse the rate of fall of cup cakes when the mass is altered.In my preliminary work we conducted experiments where we dropped a large surface area parachute and small surface area parachute from the same height of 1 metre and 1.5 metres. The purpose of this preliminary experiment is to familiarise and understand the principles involved in the experiment.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (1):Parachute dropped at 1 metre -Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.161.221.25Large surface area parachute2.002.031.84Average:Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.21Large surface area parachute1.96From these results we can see that, the larger the surface of the parachute will fall at a slower speed compared to a smaller parachute with a smaller surface area, which will fall at a faster speed. A larger surface area increases the air resistance, and slows the fall.Another experiment that was cond ucted is where cup cakes are dropped at the same level, the variable being the weight of the paper cup. The weight was increased but adding paperclips to the paper cup.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (2):1.151.071.141.281.121.121.211.181.161.23Average time taken to fall in seconds5.165.91From these particular results we can tell that the more paper clips added the heavier the falling object is and the faster it will reach the ground.Because the weight and gravity are not balanced then paper cup accelerated in that direction. The rate of fall increased as the weight increased.Experiment: Investigation into how mass affects the rate of falling cup cakesAPPARATUS* Paper cups * 2. Metre sticks * Clamp * StopwatchDiagram of materials in useMETHODOnce the apparatus is set up correctly, at the height of 2 metres from the floor we will drop the paper cup and record the time it takes to finish the 2 metre drop.2 metres is chosen as the height as it allows time to release the paper cup and start and stop the clock sufficiently. As opposed to a shorter distance e.g. 1 metre where it allows errors to be made since it reaches the ground so fast, the person timing, their reflexes may not be fast enough to react accurately. 2 metres is also a practical height as it can be reached if we use a chair to aid us. If we increased the height to 3 metres the paper cup is more likely to be affected by disturbances towards the experiment e.g. Drafts.The paper cup will be dropped 3 times at each selected mass to insure accurate results and hopefully rule out any erroneous results.Ive chosen to drop the paper cup in an upright position (__/) because it is more streamline and so the particles in the air can travel at an equal velocity and low frictional drag.If the paper cup is dropped upside down (/ ) there will be an increased turbulent force as the streamline are more irregular and high frictional drag, these factors are more likely to affect the results.Table of selected Ra nge:RANGE1 cup2 cups3 cups4 cups5 cupsI believe this is a good range as the mass is steadily increased. Also the differences between each cup, in ascending order are equal.To ensure that it will be a fair test there will only be one variable which is the mass of the paper cups, everything else will be kept the same.2 metres is chosen as it is an adequate time to release the cup as well as record the time sufficiently. At a shorter distance our reflexes may not be quick enough to react to the touchdown of the paper cup and an increased distance will allow more outside factors to affect the drop of the paper cup e.g. drafts. Ive came to the decision through the preliminary experiments where at dropping the parachutes from 1 metre we found it difficult to record an accurate time. The height of 2 metres will be kept through out the whole experiment.The paper cups itself will be of the same type and brand new so this minimizes and disturbments to the shape or creases of the cup, this wil l help maintain a streamline shape.So that the time can be recorded as accurately as possible, one specific person will be stopping the clock only, so all distractions are minimal, they will not have to concentrate on any other task e.g. dropping the cup. So hopefully the recorded times will be accurate. If we had to combine the jobs of dropping the paper cup as well as stopping the clock this could delay the reflexes and result in an inaccurate time being recorded.Each experiment will be repeated three times on each mass to rule out any errors.From my preliminary work, I can use Newtons Second Law to aid my prediction of the experiment;If there is an UNBALANCED FORCE, then the object will accelerate in that direction. The size of the acceleration is decided by the formula F = ma A= F/MAlso, acceleration is proportional to force. The acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass -As the paper cups will have different masses this will affect the terminal velocityV = Initial velo city + (Acceleration à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Time)So from this formula I know that an increased mass will increase the fall of the paper cup.1) Initially the forces will be unbalanced so the paper cup will accelerate2) But then the two forces will balance out and move at a steady speed, this is because it has reached terminal velocity.- Due to a greater mass there will be a greater terminal velocity.The earths gravitational pull on the paper cup is proportional to its mass. The strength of the earths gravitational field is 10N/kg. The weight of an object is the force that gravity exerts on it, and is equal to the objects mass à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ the pull of gravity on each kg.Weight = mgAnd the size of g can show the gravitational acceleration g = w/m.So, the paper cup which has the biggest, as will accelerate faster.Both balls have a spread of 40 m/s. At this speed the weight of the red ball is balanced be air resistance but the heavier green ball is still accelerating.Surface area also affects the speed of fall; an object with a large surface area will be slowed down and shown in preliminary experiment with the parachutes.However in this particular experiment the surface are will stay the same, perhaps a minute increase of surface area where the added paper cups are places around the rim, but this would only make a minor difference.So, from these formulas I predict that as the mass increases, the time taken to fall a 2 metre distance will be less compared to the smaller mass paper cups. There will be a higher terminal velocity reached by the larger mass paper cups which will result in a quicker fallIve illustrated my results in a graph; I predict the graph to be inversely proportional. Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Example Investigation into how mass affects the rate of fall of cup cakes Essay Aim: In this investigation we will observe and analyse the rate of fall of cup cakes when the mass is altered.In my preliminary work we conducted experiments where we dropped a large surface area parachute and small surface area parachute from the same height of 1 metre and 1.5 metres. The purpose of this preliminary experiment is to familiarise and understand the principles involved in the experiment.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (1):Parachute dropped at 1 metre -Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.161.221.25Large surface area parachute2.002.031.84Average:Time in seconds to fall 1 metreSmall surface area parachute1.21Large surface area parachute1.96From these results we can see that, the larger the surface of the parachute will fall at a slower speed compared to a smaller parachute with a smaller surface area, which will fall at a faster speed. A larger surface area increases the air resistance, and slows the fall.Another experiment that was cond ucted is where cup cakes are dropped at the same level, the variable being the weight of the paper cup. The weight was increased but adding paperclips to the paper cup.Diagram:Results of preliminary experiment (2):1.151.071.141.281.121.121.211.181.161.23Average time taken to fall in seconds5.165.91From these particular results we can tell that the more paper clips added the heavier the falling object is and the faster it will reach the ground.Because the weight and gravity are not balanced then paper cup accelerated in that direction. The rate of fall increased as the weight increased.Experiment: Investigation into how mass affects the rate of falling cup cakesAPPARATUS* Paper cups * 2. Metre sticks * Clamp * StopwatchDiagram of materials in useMETHODOnce the apparatus is set up correctly, at the height of 2 metres from the floor we will drop the paper cup and record the time it takes to finish the 2 metre drop.2 metres is chosen as the height as it allows time to release the paper cup and start and stop the clock sufficiently. As opposed to a shorter distance e.g. 1 metre where it allows errors to be made since it reaches the ground so fast, the person timing, their reflexes may not be fast enough to react accurately. 2 metres is also a practical height as it can be reached if we use a chair to aid us. If we increased the height to 3 metres the paper cup is more likely to be affected by disturbances towards the experiment e.g. Drafts.The paper cup will be dropped 3 times at each selected mass to insure accurate results and hopefully rule out any erroneous results.Ive chosen to drop the paper cup in an upright position (__/) because it is more streamline and so the particles in the air can travel at an equal velocity and low frictional drag.If the paper cup is dropped upside down (/ ) there will be an increased turbulent force as the streamline are more irregular and high frictional drag, these factors are more likely to affect the results.Table of selected Ra nge:RANGE1 cup2 cups3 cups4 cups5 cupsI believe this is a good range as the mass is steadily increased. Also the differences between each cup, in ascending order are equal.To ensure that it will be a fair test there will only be one variable which is the mass of the paper cups, everything else will be kept the same.2 metres is chosen as it is an adequate time to release the cup as well as record the time sufficiently. At a shorter distance our reflexes may not be quick enough to react to the touchdown of the paper cup and an increased distance will allow more outside factors to affect the drop of the paper cup e.g. drafts. Ive came to the decision through the preliminary experiments where at dropping the parachutes from 1 metre we found it difficult to record an accurate time. The height of 2 metres will be kept through out the whole experiment.The paper cups itself will be of the same type and brand new so this minimizes and disturbments to the shape or creases of the cup, this wil l help maintain a streamline shape.So that the time can be recorded as accurately as possible, one specific person will be stopping the clock only, so all distractions are minimal, they will not have to concentrate on any other task e.g. dropping the cup. So hopefully the recorded times will be accurate. If we had to combine the jobs of dropping the paper cup as well as stopping the clock this could delay the reflexes and result in an inaccurate time being recorded.Each experiment will be repeated three times on each mass to rule out any errors.From my preliminary work, I can use Newtons Second Law to aid my prediction of the experiment;If there is an UNBALANCED FORCE, then the object will accelerate in that direction. The size of the acceleration is decided by the formula F = ma A= F/MAlso, acceleration is proportional to force. The acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass -As the paper cups will have different masses this will affect the terminal velocityV = Initial velo city + (Acceleration à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Time)So from this formula I know that an increased mass will increase the fall of the paper cup.1) Initially the forces will be unbalanced so the paper cup will accelerate2) But then the two forces will balance out and move at a steady speed, this is because it has reached terminal velocity.- Due to a greater mass there will be a greater terminal velocity.The earths gravitational pull on the paper cup is proportional to its mass. The strength of the earths gravitational field is 10N/kg. The weight of an object is the force that gravity exerts on it, and is equal to the objects mass à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ the pull of gravity on each kg.Weight = mgAnd the size of g can show the gravitational acceleration g = w/m.So, the paper cup which has the biggest, as will accelerate faster.Both balls have a spread of 40 m/s. At this speed the weight of the red ball is balanced be air resistance but the heavier green ball is still accelerating.Surface area also affects the speed of fall; an object with a large surface area will be slowed down and shown in preliminary experiment with the parachutes.However in this particular experiment the surface are will stay the same, perhaps a minute increase of surface area where the added paper cups are places around the rim, but this would only make a minor difference.So, from these formulas I predict that as the mass increases, the time taken to fall a 2 metre distance will be less compared to the smaller mass paper cups. There will be a higher terminal velocity reached by the larger mass paper cups which will result in a quicker fallIve illustrated my results in a graph; I predict the graph to be inversely proportional.

Homelessness in America

Homelessness in America Free Online Research Papers Homelessness in America S.L. Smith Homelessness in America is a serious problem. I believe that our government does not take this problem as serious as it should. When I moved to Florida 15 years ago I noticed a few homeless people here and there. It is an every day occurrence for me now on my way to work. There should be more funding for these people to live like the rest of us. It irritates me to see all of the money that we supply the space program with and we have homeless and starving people here on Earth. I think that most people are appalled by the sight of homeless and ignore them. It seems to me that most people think that being homeless is the homeless persons fault. Recently, I noticed two men sitting on a curb holding sign saying that they would work for food. I stopped at a fast food restaurant and bought them something to eat. I don’t have any work to give them, but offered them some advice as to where the local social service office was. In my conversation with them I learned that the help that they could receive was limited as they lived in the woods and had no legal address. I was also informed that there was a very small list of homeless shelters and that they were at capacity. It seems so wrong that these people have to live this way. According to the Department of Housing and Urban Development, there were 754,000 homeless people across America and for almost half of these people there were not enough beds to go around. Of these homeless people, nearly h alf were single adult men. Eitzen, D.S., Zinn, M.B., Smith, K. E. (2009). Social Problems (11th Edition). United States: Pearson Education. For the homeless, the consequences are many. Most of the homeless do not have jobs, although a study in 2007 performed by the U.S. Conference of Mayors found that 17.4% of homeless adults in families were employed while 13% of homeless single adults or unaccompanied youth were employed. National Coalition for the Homeless. (2007, August) Health Care and Homeless. Program and Policy Issues. Retrieved March 16, 2009, from nationalhomeless.org/publications/facts/health.html Without employment people go without food and medicine. Although there are some programs in place to help with these issues, it is hard for them to receive help without a valid address. Homeless children experience many health difficulties. Nine million children in the United States don’t have health insurance. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2007). Health Insurance Coverage. Retrieved March 16, 2009, from census.gov Children without insurance, compared with children who do, are more likely to go without proper medical attention when needed and are more likely to go without much needed prescriptions. I think that our government should come up with some type of bill that makes sure that every person in the United States has some type of health coverage. The easier it is for people to get medical attention the healthier we are as a society and the stronger some may be to work and pay rent. Along with that, I think it is necessary for our government to make sure that there is affordable housing all over for the poorest of people and some sort of financial assistance to help them get on their feet. In some states General Assistance is available for the poorest of single people, but it has been cut from several states because of cut backs our government has made despite the evidence that receiving General Assistance reduces homelessness. National Coalit ion for the Homeless. (2007, August) Health Care and Homeless. Program and Policy Issues. Retrieved March 16, 2009, from nationalhomeless.org/publications/facts/health.html I think it is wrong to cut this when so many people need it. Our government officials are the ones holding the bag of money, so to speak, so I think that they should find a solution to this ever growing problem. If I were to try to solve this problem, I would first cut some programs out of the budget or at least put them on hold for a few years so the problem of homelessness could be taken better care of. I would first try to figure out a way to make sure that there were enough shelters and half way houses for these people coming off the streets. I think that I would try to figure out a way to teach these people how to take care of themselves and be productive in society if they needed a little bit of guidance. The General Assistance grant would have to be available in every state. I think that this is so important for people that have no other means of supporting themselves, until they get back on their feet. Our government helps people coming from other countries coming here to live, and I think that it should help the ones that already live here. Since I started this research paper, I have talked to several people in my circle of friends about the topic. I think that it is interesting that we all feel very compassionate about getting these people help, but don’t know exactly what to do and how to go about it. Sure, a soup kitchen here and there is great. And donating money to charity to help the homeless is a start, but we all agree that there has to be more government involvement. As stated by my friend, Debbie, â€Å"We are so quick to tell other countries how to run their governments and how to treat their citizens. In the past, we have sent so much money to other countries to help them rebuild and take care of their homeless, displaced citizens. What we should be doing is cleaning up our own back yard and minding to our own citizens†. In my opinion, I could have not said it better. References Eitzen, D.S., Zinn, M.B., Smith, K.E. (2009). Social Problems (11th Edition). United States: Pearson Education National Coalition for the Homeless. (2007, August) Health Care and Homeless. Program and Policy Issues. Retrieved March 16,2009, from nationalhomeless.org/publications/facts/health.html U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2007). Health Insurance Coverage. Retrieved March 16, 2009, from census.gov Research Papers on Homelessness in AmericaTwilight of the UAWThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UsePETSTEL analysis of IndiaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and